TEORÍA DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL
SPANISH THEORY
SITIO DE CONSULTA / CONSULTING PAGE
Space designed to help or complement foreigners and Mexicans knowledge of Spanish language and several linguistic and cultural topics.
This page is somehow connected with the page called "Mexico".
Scribers International
TEORÍA DEL IDIOMA ESPAÑOL
Esta sección intenta ser un respaldo del idioma español. Los materiales serán diversos en diseño y en contenido. El idioma español podría ser una área interesante de estudio para todos aquellos que nos dedicamos a la enseñanza o al estudio de lenguas. También podría ser una área de interés para todo mundo una vez que se haga conciencia de lo importante que sería aprender los aspectos fundamentales que conforman al idioma español.
NOTA: Para un servidor como para otras personas este sitio es un repositorio de información que nos podría ayudar a estar refrescando nuestro conocimiento sobre el idioma español, que aunque lo hablamos, muchas veces no lo podemos explicar. De aquí que toda explicación posible en el español es un elemento teórico de lo que puede ser esta hermosa lengua.
SPANISH THEORY
The articles and designs in this seccion will provide essential characteristics of Spanish Language. The theory and visuals intend to complement our comprehension about Spanish language. In my opinion, language teachers should get some knowledge of the theory that has been created on the study of Spanish.
About the speaker (Ruben)
As you can see, the section my BIOGRAPHY in this website lets you know most about me. Additionally, I think that a speaker whose first language is Spanish knows the cultural and social linguistic aspects required to talk about the phenomena produced by speakers and social media, for instance. My position as a owner of this website consists in showing and explaining most of those phenomena which directly or indirectly are parallel aspects of Mexican people. If foreigner plan to visit Mexico someday, they surely will have an advantage if they can understand most of the culture, society, and customes of this country.
About the videos
Whatever the linguistic phenomenon that I consider interesting to share, I will edit it and share with you. I will edit videos in my mother tongue- Spanish. I will also take into consideration aspects of my daily conversations. Some other times, I will try to edit short videos focusing on the possible learners' needs who use these materials around the world and whose books or videos edited by Spanish speakers do not think about the translation of the words or phrases that could be frequently used by foreigners when they are in their own country. NOTE: The videos are not a sequence of a lesson, but they may help you to learn vocabulary, grammar, and phonology (pronunciation aspects).
About the internet pages in this page
I have realized that learning a language is more significant when we read information in the target language. Reading increase the possibility to become familiar with and understand words and expressions as long as they are presented in context. It may be necessary to have a SPANISH DICTIONARY at hand. As an active reader, I will share sites or information that I consider useful or interesting. When you reach these sites, you just need to scroll the bar or click on the link provided.
Spanish velocity in comparison to other languages / La velocidad del idioma español en relación a otros idiomas
Spanish is faster than English, but Mandarin is slow: “Speakers of some languages seem to rattle away at high speed like machine-guns, while other languages sound rather slow and plodding,” wrote linguist Peter Roach in 1998. A few months ago researchers systematically quantified Roach’s observation and offered a surprising explanation. Last year, in an issue of the journal Language, François Pellegrino and his colleagues at the University of Lyon in France published their analysis of the speech of 59 people reading the same 20 texts aloud in seven languages. They found Japanese and Spanish, often described as “fast languages,” clocked the greatest number of syllables per second. The “slowest” language in the set was Mandarin, followed closely by German." (Retrieved from Scientific American electronic magazine at https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fast-talkers/
I have been analyzing speech's velocites of some people who speak my language, Spanish. I have detected that some people speak really fast. Among these people, I have detected that Domincans in República Dominicana speak so fast that sometimes I have to listen to them again.
Según algunos estudios, la velocidad de producción oral es mayor en el español que en el inglés. Dentro de los idiomas más lentos se encuantran el Chino Mandarín seguido por el Alemán. Esta información se tomó del sitio; Scientific American en https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/fast-talkers/
Watch the following video and see that at the begining the boy speaks very fast as to be understood. Of course, that another problem for foreigners is the lack of vocabulary such as slangs and idiomatic expressions of the region where Spanish is used. I had also to repeat the audio in some parts of the video in order to understand how to use those expressions. It's important to say that the expressions they talk about in the video are not part of Mexicans' lexicon.
On the other hand, we know that it is not necessary to learn Slangs or idiomatic expressions to be able to be understood by Spanish native speakers. Like in English, it will depend on the proficiency of every student. I think that it will take us to long to learn the slangy ways of every region.
En el siguiente vídeo es posible ver dos fenómenos que ocurren. Por un lado, la velocidad de habla y por otro las jergas y las expresiones idiomáticas que no son parte del léxico de los Mexicanos.
Click here for the video: Hablando español Dominicano
SCRIPTS:
Boy 1: Allá . Cría el perico pa' que tenga cotorra.
Boy 2: Hey, qué e lo que tira ... (incomprehensible)
Boy 1: No ...(incomprehensible)... contigo
Boy 2: Tú sabe aquí al tío con toda vainilla pa' ser...(incomprehensible)...
After the second 14'', their speech is slower and clearer. / A partir del segundo 14'', el discurso es más claro.
Spanish in our continent
Spanish is spoken in almost all the American Continent. Spanish that is spoken in Mexico is only a bit different from the other varieties in some words or expressions. In the USA and Canada there are comunities that speak Spanish too. In the USA, there are millions of Spanish speakers. I have friends from other Spanish speaking countries and I am able to understand them when we speak on telephone. We all are able to understand movies produced in our own countries. So, the vocabulary is not a barrier.
There are different accents of Spanish in Mexico. People who are from northern Mexico has a differnt accent to those of the center or south.
En la foto de abajo se presentan los países en donde le inglés es oficial. El idioma español también es hablado por millones de personas en los Estados Unidos de America y en Canadá. El los Estados unidos, los estados con mayor número de hablantes del español son; todos los estados fronterizos que colindan con México, tales como; California, Nuevo México, Arizona, Texas, y Florida (En este último hay un gran número de Cubanos).
Speech typology
Like in any other language, Mexican speakers make phonological and grammar mistakes when they participate in daily conversations. This is, conversations are most of time spontaneous and that situation make speakers only try to accomplish the task of sending the message, but they forget to be accurate with the processes involved when speaking. If you were recording the daily conversations between Mexicans, and then you analyze those recordings, you will surely find many words or sentences that are far from the "normative" use of Spanish language.
I pay attention to Mexican people speech, and I have realized that we also, like speakers around the world, are lazy to speak. This laziness to speak is the answer to keep changing aspects such as pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary.
Some people still say "diferiencia" instead of "diferencia", "haiga" instead of "haya", "trasgiversar" instead of "tergiversar", "yo soldo con autógena" for "yo sueldo con la autógena", etc. Or we sometimes use innapropriate connectors (conjuctions) like "Uno o otro" for "Uno u otro". Independently of the msitakes that occur during the speech, we speakers of the same language understand the messages. although sometimes we ask for clarification.
It's important to say that there are people who speak fast and this kind of speech may present some expressions wich may be incomprehensibe for others. When I listene to a person whose Spanish velocity is fast, I normally ask her or him to repeat what she or he said. Believe it or not, I have had to ask for a third repetition to some of them.
From my point of view, and from an antrologically view, our speech has been adequated to our familiar and social evironments. Being part of a social group, we adapt our language to that social group. In Mexico, many people use a double-sense language. It means that they use language to make fun of others, especially in sexual sense. This is a cultural form to speak and it's called "albur".
"Albur" is based on the ability of the speaker to change the sense of the words and play with the words at the same time. People who does not know anything about this phenomenon may feel offended by the speaker in turn. Of course, we Mexicans know when to use this tape of language. In formal situations we hardly ever use it. People from the south or north of Mexico are not accustomed to it. This language is mostly used in the center of Mexico.
Videos aimed at foreigners learning Spanish
Find more on my YouTube Channel
Introducing Spanish language
Greetings (saludos y despedidas).
Spanish language also uses formal and informal ways to greet people. I normally use short expressions to say "hi". I say "hola" (hi) , "¿qué tal?" (howz it going), "¿cómo estás?" (how are you?). In short, with some people I normally greet a person using these two expressions together; "Hola. ¿cómo estás?" (Hello. How are you?)
I use informal ways with students, most of the other teachers, friends, and other people who are younger than me. I use formal ways with the parents of my students, with the janitor of the school, with my uncles and aunts, and with people who I don't know, but who are older than me.
Singular: "¿Cómo estás?" (How are you? - a man- a woman)
Plural: "¿Cómo están?" (How are you? - only men, only woman, or men and woman).
For example; you can greet me with a "Hola, Ruben. ¿Cómo estás?". I will answer; "Hola. Estoy bien. Gracias. ¿Cómo estás?" (I am fine. Thanks. How are you?).
The following video shows words and grammatical expressions
Verbo hablar / To talk or to speak
Vocabulary and explanation:
1. "Bienvenidos" (for a group of people in general). When the group of people icludes only women, we say "bienvenidas". If you refer to only one man; "bienvenido". If you refer to only one woman; "bienvenida".
2. Some verbs form their infinitive when their final sound is "-ar", "-er" and "-ir". Examples with "-ar": hablar (to talk), caminar (to walk), etc. Examples with "-er": Comer (to eat), "correr" (to run). Examples with "-ir": "ir" (to go), "partir" (to leave).
3. Infinitive verbs are sometimes used in future expressions: Voy a "hablar" en público (I am going to talk in public), mañana voy a hablar con mi amigo de México (tomorrow, I will talk to my friend of Mexico). Observation: In Spanish language, we hardly ever use the pronouns "yo" (I) and "tú" (you). If you say; "Yo voy a hablar en público mañana" (I am going to talk in public tomorrow) is ok. Using the pronoun "yo" (I) at the beginning of your sentences is not incorrect, but if you can omit it, you will sound more natural and at the same time you won't be overusing the "yo" phenomenon.
4. The pronoun "vosotros" (you- for a group of men or men and women) or "vosotras" (you for a group of only women) is only used in Spain, but not in the other countries where Spanish is the official language.
The verb "correr" (rto run) belongs to the verbs ending in "er".
If you pay attention to the video, Spanish seems to be more difficult than English when it comes to conjugate vers. What do you think?
The conjugation in simple present:
Yo corro
Tú corres
Él corre
Ella corre
Nosotros corremos
Ustedes corren
Ellos o Ellas corren
Examples: Ruben corre en el parque todas las mañanas (Ruben runs in the park every morning)
Yo corro diez kilómetros diarios (I run 10 kilometers every day)
Ella corre más rápido que yo (she runs faster than me)
Palabras similares / Similar words between Spanish and English
Verbo ser Verb to be
Docsity. 10 Palabras que pensabas que eran incorrectas. Sitio recuperado el 28 de Noviembre de 2015 desde https://www.docsity.com/es/noticias/idiomas/10-palabras-pensabas-eran-incorrectas-lo-son/
The following site illustrate us with the correct form of some Spanish words that some Mexicans say and which are no correct
La Guia. Sitio recuperado el 28 de Noviembre de 2015 desde http://lengua.laguia2000.com/general/norma-linguistica
Este sitio contiene títulos de libros así como un breve resumen de cada uno. Elegí este sitio porque funciona como un repositoio de obras que nos podría alentar a leer los libros completos. El sitio electrónico se llama "El resumen.com" Dale clic al nombre para acceder a él.
I have chosen the site called "El resumen" because it contains summaries of different books. They are written n Spanish. This iste may be the introductory stage that some reader need to later read a bit more about each book. (Give a clik here to visit the original site "El resumen.com")
Autísmo Diario
Imagen tomada desde https://twitter.com/autismodiario/status/365379900040949760
En la siguiente presentación veremos de quemanera se ubica a la PRATAXIS.
Autora: Brenda Dénis. Recuperada desde: http://es.slideshare.net/BDSG/oraciones-compuestas-3017718
Gramática intensiva. Los pronombres relativos. Recuperado desde http://roble.pntic.mec.es/acid0002/index_archivos/Gramatica/pronombres_relativos.htm
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CLICK ON EACH SECTION OF THIS WEBSITE: / DALE CLIC EN ESTAS SECCIONES:p
Home, PRONUNCIATION PROJECTS ENGLISH COURSE A1 PHONETICS PET Teaching Grammar CHILDREN CAE C1 British and American English, Evaluation BRITISH Pronunciation,
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Practical English by Ruben